ObjectiveTo evaluate the short-type single balloon enteroscope (SBE) to endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) in patients with Roux-en-Y anastomosis. MethodsData of 10 patients with Roux-en-Y anastomosis who received short-type SBE assisting ERCP (14 times of ERCP, the short-type SBE group) from May 2019 to September 2019 and 55 patients who received conventional SBE assisting ERCP (87 times of ERCP, the conventional SBE group) from March 2016 to April 2019 were collected in Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital. Success rates and mean time of reaching the blind loop, diagnosis and treatment success rates, procedure time and complication incidence in the two groups were compared. ResultsThe mean time to reach the blind loop was significantly shorter in short-type SBE group than that in the conventional SBE group (17.1 min VS 23.4 min, P = 0.04). There were no significant differences in success rates of reaching the blind loop[100.0%(14/14) VS 95.4%(83/87)], the success rates of diagnosis and treatment[both 100.0% (14/14) VS 100.0% (83/83)], the mean procedure time (62.6 min VS 64.3 min) or complication incidence [21.4%(3/14) VS 16.1% (14/83) ] between the two groups (all P＞0.05). ConclusionERCP assisted by either type of SBE is safe and effective in patients with Roux-en-Y anastomosis. However, short-type SBE is faster to reach the blind loop because of its unique design and easier manipulation.