Helicobacter pylori (HP) infection of gastric mucosa is one of the main risk factors for gastric diseases. HP is also listed as a clear carcinogen by World Health Organization. There are certain limitations in non-invasive methods currently used for detecting HP , such as being unable to determine its colonization location, and possibility of missed diagnosis or misdiagnosis due to its dormant state. In contrast, the pathological methods are more accurate in detecting HP, providing an understanding of the tissue lesion and guiding subsequent treatment and prognosis. There are many histological methods for detecting HP with significant differences in the choice of testing methods among pathologists in different regions and hospitals. Therefore, Pathology Group, Digestive Endoscopology Branch of Chinese Medical Association has formulated this consensus based on the actual situation in China, aiming at standardizing the pathological diagnosis of HP infection in gastric tissue specimens and providing clinicians with diagnostic and therapeutic advice on the pathological histology of HP infection of the gastric mucosa, in order to improve their understanding of the disease and enhance the therapeutic outcome.