Colorectal cancer is one of the common malignant tumors in China, characterized by an alarming upward trend in both its incidence and mortality rate. In 2020, there were 555 thousand new cases of colorectal cancer and 286 thousand deaths in China, posing a serious threat to people's lives and health. Extensive researches and practical evidences have demonstrated that colorectal cancer screening, along with early diagnosis and treatment, can significantly reduce the mortality rate of colorectal cancer. Therefore, Colorectal Group of Digestive Endoscopy Branch of Chinese Medical Association, in collaboration with domestic experts in gastroenterology, digestive endoscopy, and digestive pathology, developed this consensus, which mainly covers the following 5 aspects: definition and terminology, implementation of colonoscopy screening, early diagnosis of colorectal cancer and its precancerous lesions, treatment and postoperative precautions, and follow-up, in order to provide valuable references for standard endoscopic diagnosis and treatment approaches for colorectal cancer and its precancerous lesions, and enhance the effectiveness of colorectal cancer prevention and treatment in China.