Colorectal cancer has become the second most common cause of cancer-related death in the world. Colorectal ESD surgery is an effective surgical method for the radical cure of early colorectal cancer. Surgery-related adverse events included bleeding, perforation, and post-ESD electrocoagulation syndrome (PEECS). Electrocoagulation syndrome is mainly manifested by the exclusion of transient peritoneal irritation symptoms such as fever, leukocytosis, tenderness, and rebound tenderness after perforation. Compared with postoperative bleeding and perforation, electrocoagulation syndrome often cannot be paid enough attention to. Its specific mechanism is still unclear, and it is particularly important to identify and prevent high-risk factors for electrocoagulation syndrome. In this review, the author will discuss the clinical research progress of electrocoagulation syndrome after ESD for colorectal mucosal lesions.