In recent years, the rapid development of artificial intelligence (AI) technology has made its application in the medical field a hot topic in both academic research and product development, with broad prospects. Through methods such as deep learning, AI can efficiently and accurately process and analyze data, aiding clinicians in the early diagnosis of diseases, clinical treatment decisions, and prognosis evaluation. Due to its strong image and video recognition capabilities, AI is widely applied in the identification, diagnosis, and assessment of invasion depth and extent of gastrointestinal polyps, early gastric cancer, and esophageal cancer under digestive endoscopy, achieving exciting research results. Similarly, AI has shown great potential in the endoscopic diagnosis and treatment of biliopancreatic diseases. This paper aims to introduce the current status and research progress of AI applications in the endoscopic diagnosis and treatment of biliopancreatic diseases through a systematic literature review.